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| result = Pyrrhic British Victory | combatant1 = Upper Canada | combatant2 = | commander1 = Cecil Bisshopp | commander2 = Peter B. Porter | strength1 = 240〔James, p. 228〕 | strength2 = c. 230〔Cruikshank, p. 224〕 | casualties1 = 3 killed 24 wounded 4 wounded prisoners 13 captured〔Cruikshank, p. 224〕〔Cruikshank, p. 218〕 | casualties2 = 3 killed 6 wounded〔 | campaignbox = }} The Raid on Black Rock took place during the War of 1812 between the United Kingdom and the United States on 11 July 1813, near the Niagara River in northern New York State, USA. The British objective was to capture supplies and equipment from the U.S. military store depot at Black Rock, New York. The raid was a success but the British force suffered substantial casualties as they returned to their landing-point. ==The Raid== Lieutenant Colonel Cecil Bisshopp set out in the early hours of 11 July 1813, with 20 men of the Royal Artillery, 40 of the 1st Battalion, 8th (King's) Regiment, 100 of the 1st Battalion, 41st Regiment, 40 of the 49th Regiment and 40 of the 2nd and 3rd Regiments of Lincoln Militia.〔James, p. 228, for composition of force. Cruikshank, p. 217, for the regimental numbers of the Lincoln Militia detachment〕 This force crossed the Niagara River, landed below Black Rock and moved "with great rapidity to the attack of that post".〔 One hundred and fifty New York Militia under the command of Major Parmenio Adams, who had been stationed at Fort Gibson to defend Black Rock, fled〔Cruikshank, p. 223 and volume index for Major Adams' first name.〕 and Bisshopp's men set to work. They spiked two 12-pounder and two 6-pounder guns at the batteries and made off with another 12-pounder, two 9-pounders, 177 muskets, several kegs of ammunition, quantities of round shot and canister shot, a large amount of army clothing and seven large bateaux and a scow which were loaded with 180 barrels of provisions. They burned the blockhouse and barracks at both the batteries and the navy yard, and also a schooner.〔James, p. 229〕 Meanwhile, Brigadier General Peter B. Porter of the New York Militia, whose own house was nearby, had gathered a force to oppose the invaders. Porter's force was composed of Captain Cummings' company of U.S. regulars, 80–90 men rallied from Major Adams' garrison, 50 Buffalo Militia under Captain Bell, 30 Seneca warriors allied to the United States, and a field-piece. The American force ambushed Bisshopp's column in the dark as they marched along the beach. The British force re-crossed to Canada with all of their plunder but not without significant casualties.〔Cruikshank, pp. 224–225〕 The worst loss for the British was the "able and enterprising" Lieutenant Colonel Bisshopp, who later died of his wounds.〔Quimby, p. 302〕 It was said that the British withdrawal was unduly delayed to secure several hundred prized bags of salt.〔Hitsman, p.164〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Raid on Black Rock」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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